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Revised Schedule of Fees for Applications made to the South African Heritage Resources Agency (SAHRA)

Zulu Kingdom archaeometallurgy study

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CaseHeader

Status: 

HeritageAuthority(s): 

Case Type: 

ProposalDescription: 

This study examines the geographic and geological origin of ores used to make metal objects found at sites dating to the Zulu Kingdom period and the impact of smelting on the geochemical composition of iron objects.

Expanded_Motivation: 

The objective of this study is to geochemically analyse iron ore, slag, bloom and iron artifacts from the province of KwaZulu-Natal to (1) determine the impact of the smelting process on the geochemical composition of the artifacts, and (2) determine if it is possible to link the iron artefacts to iron ore sources. Using this sample, we can investigate whether the objects can be associated with potential local and distant ore sources from three different geological terrane (Pietermaritzburg Formation, Mozaan Formation, and the Wosi Formation) known through oral history, archaeological investigations, and geological prospecting. The samples will be characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electron microprobe (EMPA). Trace element geochemical analysis will be done using laser-ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and iron isotopes will be analysed using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). A full motivation is attached.

ApplicationDate: 

Wednesday, March 15, 2023 - 15:42

CaseID: 

20917

OtherReferences: 

ReferenceList: 

CitationReferenceType
Fowler, K.D. & van Schalkwyk, L. (2022) Reconnaissance survey of Zulu kingdom period amakhanda in the emaKhosini Basin, South Africa. Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa, 10.1080/0067270X.2022.2115686.
 
 

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