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Temporary Export of Stone Tool Sample from Bestwood 1 for tribology (non-destructive)

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CaseHeader

Status: 

HeritageAuthority(s): 

Case Type: 

ProposalDescription: 

Request to export 43 unretouched flakes from the site of Bestwood 1 for microscopic analysis at the University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma (United States) as a component of Melissa Miller’s PhD research. The goal of this export is twofold: to document artifact condition and to identify microwear traces that may be attributable to use of the artifacts by hominids. This sample represents less than 3% of the excavated sample from the Bestwood 1 site, Northern Cape Province.

Expanded_Motivation: 

Request to export 43 unretouched flakes from the site of Bestwood 1 for microscopic analysis at the University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma (United States) as a component of Melissa Miller’s PhD research. The goal of this export is twofold: to document artifact condition and to identify microwear traces that may be attributable to use of the artifacts by hominids. This sample represents less than 3% of the excavated sample from the Bestwood 1 site, Northern Cape Province. Exportation is required for analysis using the University of Tulsa’s Sensofar S-Neox microscope. This confocal microscope creates and analyzes scans of an item’s surface, allowing documentation and description of surface texture that can be quantified and compared. For lithics, it makes possible the detailed description of a material at different stages of wear and of polish texture, pitting depth, striations, and other microwear characteristics. I will compare this data to scans already taken of pieces experimentally damaged through use and replication of post-depositional processes and combined with other microscopy methods to infer the cause of any edge damage present on the Bestwood artifacts. This microscope is not portable and while several researchers have scanned molds of items they cannot access for direct scanning, the accuracy of such molding methods is still under intense debate. Exporting and directly scanning artifacts is the best option for accurate data documentation. Ms. Miller chose these pieces for export after examination at multiple magnifications with a portable dino-lite digital microscope (AM3111 0.3 MP). Under 230x magnification some pieces have edge wear characteristics very different than their interiors, including rounding, polish, abrasion, and regular microremovals, suggesting at the very least some type of process affecting edges but not the entire artifact. These pieces are in otherwise good condition and are therefore good candidates for microwear caused by hominid use of the tool, and these are the pieces chosen for further analysis with the Sensofar. 1 piece Cawood Surface Collection (7457) 11 pieces 2011 Surface Collection (7459) 31 pieces 2012 Excavation: 1. Block 1 SPL 69 2. Block 1 SPL 120 3. Block 1 SPL 201 4. Block 1 SPL 240 5. Block 1 SPL 243 6. Block 1 SPL 275 7. Block 1 SPL 289 8. Block 1 SPL 340 9. Block 1 SPL 348 10. Block 1 SPL 355 11. Block 1 SPL 415 12. Block 1 SPL 418 13. Block 1 SPL 436 14. Block 1 SPL 466 15. Block 1 SPL 497 16. Block 1 SPL 552 17. Block 1 SPL 567 18. Block 1 SPL 598 19. Block 1 SPL 604 20. Block 1 SPL 682 21. Block 1 SPL 730 22. Block 1 SPL 775 23. Block 1 SPL 781 24. Block 1 SPL 822 25. Block 1 SPL 824 26. Block 1 SPL 854 27. Block 1 SPL 872 28. Block 1 SPL 889 29. Block 1 SPL 905 30. Block 1 SPL 921 31. Block 1 SPL 1015

ApplicationDate: 

Wednesday, September 12, 2018 - 18:47

CaseID: 

12906

OtherReferences: 

ReferenceList: 

AdditionalDocuments
  1. PDF icon Details for Bestwood 1 export permit application
  2. PDF icon Museum permit (MMK)
  3. PDF icon List of objects
 
 

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